Times Tables: 2, 5 and 10 — Year 2 Lesson Plan
National Curriculum: Mathematics — Multiplication and division: recall and use multiplication and division facts for 2, 5, and 10 — Year 2
Overview
Pupils develop fluency in the 2, 5, and 10 times tables, connecting multiplication to repeated addition and equal groups. They explore the relationship between the tables, use arrays to represent multiplication facts, and begin to use their knowledge to solve simple division problems.
Learning Objectives
- Recall multiplication facts for the 2, 5, and 10 times tables.
- Represent multiplication facts using arrays and repeated addition.
- Understand that multiplication is commutative (e.g. 2 × 5 = 5 × 2).
- Use times table knowledge to solve simple division problems.
Key Vocabulary
Suggested Lesson Structure
Count in 2s to 20, 5s to 50, 10s to 100 together. Clap on the multiples. Ask: what pattern do you notice in the 10s? (Always ends in 0.) The 5s? (Always ends in 0 or 5.)
Build the 2 times table using equal groups (2 socks, 4 socks, 6 socks...) and write as multiplication sentences. Build an array: 3 rows of 2 = 3 × 2 = 6. Show that 2 × 3 gives the same array rotated. Repeat for 5s and 10s. Introduce division as the inverse: 10 ÷ 2 = 5 because 5 × 2 = 10.
Pupils complete multiplication grids for 2s, 5s, and 10s using skip counting. Then write the four facts in a fact family for a given array (e.g. 3 × 5 = 15, 5 × 3 = 15, 15 ÷ 5 = 3, 15 ÷ 3 = 5).
Mixed recall: pupils answer a set of 2s, 5s, and 10s facts. Apply: solve word problems involving equal groups ('There are 6 bags with 5 apples in each. How many apples?').
True or false: '5 × 8 = 8 × 5'. Pupils explain. Then: 'If 10 × 4 = 40, what is 40 ÷ 4?' Connect multiplication and division.
Common Misconceptions
- Pupils counting in 1s instead of skip-counting — practise skip counting regularly as a distinct skill.
- Thinking multiplication is not commutative: '5 × 2 is different from 2 × 5' — use arrays to show they are the same total.
Prior Knowledge
Pupils should already be able to:
- Ability to count in 2s, 5s, and 10s.
- Understanding of equal groups from practical work.
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